TSG 1 had a broad focus, calling for papers that examined contemporary developments in mathematics education at the preschool and primary level (approximately ages 0 through 12 years). This provided an exciting opportunity to explore issues across the early childhood and school sectors and the team quickly decided to integrate early childhood and school presenters, with sessions organized around common themes, rather than by sector. The range of nationalities of the presenters and the participants in this group also allowed the ideas to be considered as they applied in a number of different contexts. This report highlights the themes that were considered, describes the papers that were presented, and summarises some of the key ideas and issues that arose in the group’s discussions.