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This collection contains all the articles from Volume 5, Number 2, 1971 of the Earth Science Journal.
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Publication Coverpage and Contents(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Waikato Geological SocietyCoverpage and Contents from Volume 5, Number 2, 1971 of Earth Science Journal.Publication Notice from the Editor(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Selby, Michael J.Notice from the Editor from Volume 5, Number 2, 1971 of Earth Science Journal.Publication Volcanic studies by members of the Royal Society of London 1665 - 1780(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Stokes, EvelynLate seventeenth century ideas about volcanic activity were largely derived from classical sources. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London provided a vehicle for publication of information about volcanoes where many ancient notions were refuted and new hypotheses suggested. Volcanic studies by members included detailed field reports, eyewitness accounts of eruptions as well as expeditions to extinct or dormant volcanic peaks, experiments with volcanic rocks, and speculation on the nature of subterranean "fires" and causes of eruptions. The development of theories concerning the formation of the columnar basalts of the Giant's Causeway is also traced. By the 1770's there appeared a general acceptance among members of the Royal Society of the igneous origin of basalt, the existence of ancient extinct volcanoes and the implications of past geologic change.Publication Hydrological factors influencing sediment concentration fluctuations in small drainage basins(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Imeson, A.C.Although sediment concentrations measured in two contrasting streams in East Yorkshire fluctuate in response to similar hydrological factors, the effectiveness of these factors reflects the environmental characteristics of the drainage basins. Consequently, regression relationships used to predict sediment concentrations in individual streams are not directly applicable outside the region in which they were developed. The sensitivity of sediment concentration variations to environmental conditions makes long term estimates of denudation of limited value.Publication Mass movement in Tangoio conservation reserve northern Hawkes Bay(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Eyles, R.J.In a random sample of 52 valley-side profiles at Tangoio, mass movements are shown to occur preferentially on profiles with a northerly aspect, which are long, or steeply sloping. Detailed measurements of 27 debris slide and two slump scars dating from a storm in May 1971 enable an estimate of the rate of erosion of loess and volcanic ash from valley-sides to be made. Valley-side slopes are changing from a convexo-concave equilibrium form under the original forest towards a new, more rectilinear equilibrium form under grass.Publication The significance of vegetation, fire and man in the stabilisation of sand dunes near the Warburton Ranges, Central Australia(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Conacher, A.J.The vegetation cover of sand dunes and sandplain country in a part of Central Australia is aperiodically destroyed by fire, caused by lightning and Aboriginal activities. Subsequent mobilisation, transportation and redeposition of sand by wind suggests that these vegetated sand dunes are currently unstable.Publication The origin of beach sediments on the North Queensland coast(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Bird, E.C.F.Petrographic and granulometric analyses of North Queensland beach sediments indicate their affinity with sediments delivered to the coast by rivers, and it is shown that the beaches are largely derived from fluvial sediment reworked, sorted and distributed by the dominant south-easterly waves in coastal waters. Beach sediments are generally quartzose, with subordinate felspars and admixtures of coralline sediment near fringing reefs and lithic material near river mouths and rocky shore sectors. The prevailing northerly drift of shore sediment is reduced, and locally reversed, on sectors sheltered from the dominant south-easterly waves by headlands, reefs and islands. Variations in beach sediment are related to wave conditions, distance from river-mouth sources, and patterns of drift. Four Mile Beach, near Port Douglas, is identified as anomalous in its morphological and sedimentological characteristics. It has been cut off from former sources of sediment, both fluvial and longshore, as a result of reef extension around the mouth of Mowbray River, and is now essentially a relict beach system attaining sedimentological maturity.Publication The age of quaternary surfaces at Waihi Beach(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Selby, Michael J.; Pullar, W.A.; McCraw, J.D.The Waihi Beach surfaces were originally mapped and correlated with European surfaces of similar altitude by Kear and Waterhouse (1961). Exposures along the edges of the surfaces indicate that they are covered with volcanic ashes, the younger of which are of known age. It is the sub-ash surface which should be used for height correlations, and it is the most seaward ash-covered part of the surface which is preferred as the reference point for altitude studies. The heights of the surfaces may not correlate with positions of sea-level at the ages indicated by the ash beds.Publication Further comments-Waihi Terrace and Hamilton Ash Ages(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Kear, David; Waterhouse, B.C.The authors of the previous paper (Selby et al. 1971) kindly allowed us to see their manuscript, prior to publication. They have made a significant contribution to Bay of Plenty late Quaternary stratigraphy in recognising established ash beds in the coastal terrace sequence at Waihi Beach (Kear & Waterhouse, 1961). This brief note acknowledges their work, and uses their data to produce an alternative age interpretation, that implies broad dates for the formation of each of the coastal terraces and for the Hamilton Ash.Publication Book reviews and Book notices(Journal Article, Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato, 1971) Waikato Geological SocietyBook reviews and Book notice from Volume 5, Number 2, 1971 of Earth Science Journal.