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      Feed-forward mechanisms: Addiction-like behavioral and molecular adaptations in overeating

      Alsiö, Johan; Olszewski, Pawel K.; Levine, Allen S.; Schiöth, Helgi B.
      DOI
       10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.01.002
      Link
       www.sciencedirect.com
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      Citation
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      Alsiö, J., Olszewski, P.K., Levine, A.S., Schiöth, H.B. (2012). Feed-forward mechanisms: Addiction-like behavioral and molecular adaptations in overeating. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 33(2), 127-139.
      Permanent Research Commons link: https://hdl.handle.net/10289/6433
      Abstract
      Food reward, not hunger, is the main driving force behind eating in the modern obesogenic environment. Palatable foods, generally calorie-dense and rich in sugar/fat, are thus readily overconsumed despite the resulting health consequences. Important advances have been made to explain mechanisms underlying excessive consumption as an immediate response to presentation of rewarding tastants. However, our understanding of long-term neural adaptations to food reward that oftentimes persist during even a prolonged absence of palatable food and contribute to the reinstatement of compulsive overeating of high-fat high-sugar diets, is much more limited. Here we discuss the evidence from animal and human studies for neural and molecular adaptations in both homeostatic and non-homeostatic appetite regulation that may underlie the formation of a “feed-forward” system, sensitive to palatable food and propelling the individual from a basic preference for palatable diets to food craving and compulsive, addiction-like eating behavior.
      Date
      2012
      Type
      Journal Article
      Publisher
      Elsevier
      Collections
      • Science and Engineering Papers [3124]
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