Research Commons
      • Browse 
        • Communities & Collections
        • Titles
        • Authors
        • By Issue Date
        • Subjects
        • Types
        • Series
      • Help 
        • About
        • Collection Policy
        • OA Mandate Guidelines
        • Guidelines FAQ
        • Contact Us
      • My Account 
        • Sign In
        • Register
      View Item 
      •   Research Commons
      • University of Waikato Research
      • Science and Engineering
      • Science and Engineering Papers
      • View Item
      •   Research Commons
      • University of Waikato Research
      • Science and Engineering
      • Science and Engineering Papers
      • View Item
      JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

      The effect of cyanobacterial biomass enrichment by centrifugation and GF/C filtration on subsequent microcystin measurement

      Rogers, Shelley; Puddick, Jonathan; Wood, Susanna A.; Dietrich, Daniel R.; Hamilton, David P.; Prinsep, Michèle R.
      Thumbnail
      Files
      toxins-07-00821.pdf
      700.1Kb
      DOI
       10.3390/toxins7030821
      Find in your library  
      Citation
      Export citation
      Rogers, S., Puddick, J., Wood, S. A., Dietrich, D. R., Hamilton, D. P., & Prinsep, M. R. (2015). The effect of cyanobacterial biomass enrichment by centrifugation and GF/C filtration on subsequent microcystin measurement. Toxins (Basel), 7(3), 821–834. http://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7030821
      Permanent Research Commons link: https://hdl.handle.net/10289/9468
      Abstract
      Microcystins are cyclic peptides produced by multiple cyanobacterial genera. After accumulation in the liver of animals they inhibit eukaryotic serine/threonine protein phosphatases, causing liver disease or death. Accurate detection/quantification of microcystins is essential to ensure safe water resources and to enable research on this toxin. Previous methodological comparisons have focused on detection and extraction techniques, but have not investigated the commonly used biomass enrichment steps. These enrichment steps could modulate toxin production as recent studies have demonstrated that high cyanobacterial cell densities cause increased microcystin levels. In this study, three microcystin-producing strains were processed using no cell enrichment steps (by direct freezing at three temperatures) and with biomass enrichment (by centrifugation or GF/C filtration). After extraction, microcystins were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. All processing methods tested, except GF/C filtration, resulted in comparable microcystin quotas for all strains. The low yields observed for the filtration samples were caused by adsorption of arginine-containing microcystins to the GF/C filters. Whilst biomass enrichment did not affect microcystin metabolism over the time-frame of normal sample processing, problems associated with GF/C filtration were identified. The most widely applicable processing method was direct freezing of samples as it could be utilized in both field and laboratory environments.
      Date
      2015-03
      Type
      Journal Article
      Publisher
      http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/3/821/htm
      Rights
      © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article

      distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
      Collections
      • Science and Engineering Papers [3122]
      Show full item record  

      Usage

      Downloads, last 12 months
      49
       
       
       

      Usage Statistics

      For this itemFor all of Research Commons

      The University of Waikato - Te Whare Wānanga o WaikatoFeedback and RequestsCopyright and Legal Statement