Leveraging large language models for automated feature extraction and model training in EMG-based motion decoding

Dwivedi, AnanyGuan, BonnieLahr, Gustavo J. G.Head, Mitchell A.König, JemmaOwen, MahonriLiarokapis, MinasBifet, Albert2026-09-162026-09-162025Dwivedi, A., Guan, B., Lahr, G. J. G., Head, M., Konig, J., Owen, M., Liarokapis, M., & Bifet, A. (2025). Leveraging large language models for automated feature extraction and model training in EMG-based motion decoding. Conference proceedings : 47th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 5925-5930. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11253620979-8-3315-8618-8https://hdl.handle.net/10289/18663Feature extraction and model training are critical steps in developing machine learning models for electromyography (EMG) based motion decoding. Traditionally, these processes require domain expertise and programming knowledge to implement signal processing algorithms with optimized model training pipelines. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of using Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate both the extraction of features from EMG data and the development of machine learning models for decoding human motion with minimal human intervention. More specifically, we compare LLM extracted features and their corresponding motion decoding models against those developed using manually developed code. Our results indicate that LLM extracted features and their corresponding trained models achieve performance comparable to traditional methods, demonstrating the potential of accelerating research and scientific investigations with AI-driven biosignal processing. This study highlights LLMs’ capabilities and limitations in replacing manual coding for developing muscle-machine interfaces and provides insights into their integration into biomedical signal analysis workflows.enThis is an author’s accepted version of a paper published in the proceedings of the 47th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2025). © 2025 IEEE.computer scienceLeveraging large language models for automated feature extraction and model training in EMG-based motion decodingConference Contribution10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.112536202694-060446 Information and Computing Sciences4608 Human-Centred Computing40 Engineering