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      High levels of intraspecific genetic divergences revealed for Antarctic springtails: evidence for small-scale isolation during Pleistocene glaciation

      Bennett, Kristi R.; Hogg, Ian D.; Adams, Byron J.; Hebert, Paul D.N.
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      Bennett et al. 2016.pdf
      Accepted version, 827.3Kb
      DOI
       10.1111/bij.12796
      Link
       onlinelibrary.wiley.com
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      Bennett, K. R., Hogg, I. D., Adams, B. J., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2016). High levels of intraspecific genetic divergences revealed for Antarctic springtails: evidence for small-scale isolation during Pleistocene glaciation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. http://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12796
      Permanent Research Commons link: https://hdl.handle.net/10289/10279
      Abstract
      We examined levels of genetic variability within and among populations of three Antarctic springtail species (Arthropoda: Collembola) and tested the hypothesis that genetic divergences occur among glacially-isolated habitats. The study was conducted in southern Victoria Land, Ross Dependency, Antarctica, and samples were collected from locations in the vicinity of the Mackay Glacier. We analyzed mtDNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; COI) sequence variability for 97 individuals representing three species (Gomphiocephalus hodgsoni, N = 67; Cryptopygus nivicolus, N = 20; and Antarcticinella monoculata, N = 8). Haplotype diversity and genetic divergences were calculated and used to indicate population variability and also to infer divergence times of isolated populations using molecular clock estimates. Two of the three species showed high levels of genetic divergence. Gomphiocephalus hodgsoni, a widespread and common species, showed 7.6% sequence divergence on opposite sides of the Mackay Glacier. The more range restricted C. nivicolus showed 4.0% divergence among populations. The third species, A. monoculata, was found in only one location. Molecular clock estimates based on sequence divergences suggest that populations separated within the last 4 Mya. We conclude that habitat fragmentation resulting from Pliocene (5 Mya) and Pleistocene (2 Mya to 10 Kya) glaciations has promoted and maintained high levels of diversity among isolated springtail populations on relatively small spatial scales. The region surrounding the Mackay Glacier is likely to have provided refugia for springtail populations during glacial maxima and remains an area of high genetic and species diversity for Collembola within the Ross Sea region.
      Date
      2016
      Type
      Journal Article
      Publisher
      Wiley-Blackwell
      Rights
      This is an author’s accepted version of an article published in the journal: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. © 2016 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Societ
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      • Science and Engineering Papers [3122]
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