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      Pan-Antarctic map of near-surface permafrost temperatures at 1 km2 scale

      Obu, Jaroslav; Westermann, Sebastian; Vieira, Gonçalo; Abramov, Andrey; Balks, Megan R.; Bartsch, Annett; Hrbáček, Filip; Kääb, Andreas; Ramos, Miguel
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      2020 balks et al. The Cryosphere.pdf
      Published version, 22.04Mb
      DOI
       10.5194/tc-14-497-2020
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      Obu, J., Westermann, S., Vieira, G., Abramov, A., Balks, M. R., Bartsch, A., … Ramos, M. (2020). Pan-Antarctic map of near-surface permafrost temperatures at 1 km2 scale. The Cryosphere, 14(2), 497–519. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-497-2020
      Permanent Research Commons link: https://hdl.handle.net/10289/13744
      Abstract
      Permafrost is present within almost all of the Antarctic's ice-free areas, but little is known about spatial variations in permafrost temperatures except for a few areas with established ground temperature measurements. We modelled a temperature at the top of the permafrost (TTOP) for all the ice-free areas of the Antarctic mainland and Antarctic islands at 1 km2 resolution during 2000–2017. The model was driven by remotely sensed land surface temperatures and downscaled ERA-Interim climate reanalysis data, and subgrid permafrost variability was simulated by variable snow cover. The results were validated against in situ-measured ground temperatures from 40 permafrost boreholes, and the resulting root-mean-square error was 1.9 ∘C. The lowest near-surface permafrost temperature of −36 ∘C was modelled at Mount Markham in the Queen Elizabeth Range in the Transantarctic Mountains. This is the lowest permafrost temperature on Earth, according to global-scale modelling results. The temperatures were most commonly modelled between −23 and −18 ∘C for mountainous areas rising above the Antarctic Ice Sheet and between −14 and −8 ∘C for coastal areas. The model performance was good where snow conditions were modelled realistically, but errors of up to 4 ∘C occurred at sites with strong wind-driven redistribution of snow.
      Date
      2020
      Type
      Journal Article
      Publisher
      Copernicus GmbH
      Rights
      © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
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      • Science and Engineering Papers [3077]
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