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      Ancient genomes from the last three millennia support multiple human dispersals into Wallacea

      Oliveira, Sandra; Nägele, Kathrin; Carlhoff, Selina; Pugach, Irina; Koesbardiati, Toetik; Hübner, Alexander; Meyer, Matthias; Oktaviana, Adhi Agus; Takenaka, Masami; Katagiri, Chiaki; Murti, Delta Bayu; Putri, Rizky Sugianto; Mahirta; Petchey, Fiona; Higham, Thomas; Higham, Charles F. W.; O’Connor, Sue; Hawkins, Stuart; Kinaston, Rebecca; Bellwood, Peter; Ono, Rintaro; Powell, Adam; Krause, Johannes; Posth, Cosimo; Stoneking, Mark
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      2022 Petchey Nature Ecology and Evolution.pdf
      Published version, 7.607Mb
      DOI
       10.1038/s41559-022-01775-2
      Link
       www.nature.com
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      Permanent link to Research Commons version
      https://hdl.handle.net/10289/14927
      Abstract
      Previous research indicates that human genetic diversity in Wallacea—islands in present-day Eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste that were never part of the Sunda or Sahul continental shelves—has been shaped by complex interactions between migrating Austronesian farmers and indigenous hunter–gatherer communities. Yet, inferences based on present-day groups proved insufficient to disentangle this region’s demographic movements and admixture timings. Here, we investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of variation in Wallacea based on genome-wide data from 16 ancient individuals (2600–250 years BP) from the North Moluccas, Sulawesi and East Nusa Tenggara. While ancestry in the northern islands primarily reflects contact between Austronesian- and Papuan-related groups, ancestry in the southern islands reveals additional contributions from Mainland Southeast Asia that seem to predate the arrival of Austronesians. Admixture time estimates further support multiple and/or continuous admixture involving Papuan- and Asian-related groups throughout Wallacea. Our results clarify previously debated times of admixture and suggest that the Neolithic dispersals into Island Southeast Asia are associated with the spread of multiple genetic ancestries.
      Date
      2022
      Type
      Journal Article
      Publisher
      Nature Research
      Rights
      This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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