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      Age composition, growth, and reproduction of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in the lower Waikato, New Zealand

      Tempero, Grant Wayne; Ling, Nicholas; Hicks, Brendan J.; Osborne, Matthew W.
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      DOI
       10.1080/00288330.2006.9517446
      Link
       www.royalsociety.org.nz
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      Tempero, G.W., Ling, N., Hicks, B.J. & Osborne M. (2006). Age composition, growth, and reproduction of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in the lower Waikato, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 40, 571-583.
      Permanent Research Commons link: https://hdl.handle.net/10289/1498
      Abstract
      A total of 566 koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) from the lower Waikato region were aged from scales and opercular bones, and growth was modelled with the von Bertalanffy growth function. There was no difference in growth rate between male and female carp. Growth of koi carp between zero and 3 years of age was lower than that of common carp in Europe and Australia. However, after 5 years of age the growth of koi carp was higher than that of common carp in Europe, but still below that of carp in Australia. Males rarely lived in excess of 8 years, whereas females lived to 12 years. Mean total fecundity calculated from 44 running-ripe females was 299 000 oocytes (±195 600 SD) (range 29 800–771 000). Relative fecundity ranged from 19 300 to 216 000 oocytes kg–1 total body weight, with a mean of 97 200 (±35 000 SD) oocytes kg–1. Feral koi carp in the Waikato are capable of multiple spawnings within their lifetimes. Within a spawning season, Waikato populations of feral koi carp contained females that spawned once, and females that had the potential to have spawned repeatedly. Female gonadosomatic index (GSI) varied with season and was negatively related to water temperature.
      Date
      2006
      Type
      Journal Article
      Publisher
      Royal Society of New Zealand
      Rights
      Copyright Royal Society of New Zealand 2006. Used with permission.
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      • Science and Engineering Papers [3122]
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