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dc.contributor.authorFenwick, Graham D.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorGreenwood, Michelle J.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHogg, Ian D.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorMeyer, Stacey J.en_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-12T08:30:36Z
dc.date.available2022-09-12T08:30:36Z
dc.date.issued2021en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn2045-7758en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10289/15161
dc.description.abstractWe used DNA barcoding to assess the diversity and distribution of New Zealand's groundwater amphipods and isopods (Crustacea) and to determine whether biodiversity and endemism within tectonically active New Zealand are similar to those of more tectonically stable continents. Sixty-five wells were sampled in seven aquifers across four regions within the North and South islands of New Zealand, and resident invertebrates were morphologically identified and then assessed using sequencing of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit one (COI) gene. Invertebrates were found in 54 wells. Of the 228 individual amphipods and isopods found in 36 of the wells, 154 individuals were successfully sequenced for COI (68% success rate) from 25 wells, with at least one well in each aquifer containing sequenced individuals. Of the 45 putative species identified using Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), 30 BINs (78% of all taxa and 83% of amphipods) were previously unrecorded. Substantial morphologically cryptic, species-level diversity was revealed, particularly within the amphipod Family Paraleptamphopidae. Similarly, one isopod taxon morphologically identified as Cruregens fontanus was assigned to five well-separated BINs based on COI sequences. Endemism appeared high, with all taxa regionally endemic; 87% of species were restricted to one aquifer and more than 50% restricted to one well. Non-saturated species accumulation curves indicated that, while additional sampling may increase the range of some currently identified taxa, additional range-restricted taxa are also likely to be discovered. Patterns of diversity and short-range endemism were similar to those found elsewhere, including locations which are more tectonically stable. The predominance of local endemism within New Zealand's groundwater fauna suggests that land-use activities and groundwater extraction require careful evaluation to minimize threats to groundwater biodiversity.
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isoenen_NZ
dc.publisherWileyen_NZ
dc.rightsThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
dc.subjectScience & Technologyen_NZ
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen_NZ
dc.subjectEcologyen_NZ
dc.subjectEvolutionary Biologyen_NZ
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciences & Ecologyen_NZ
dc.subjectAmphipodaen_NZ
dc.subjectcytochrome c oxidase subunit one (COI)en_NZ
dc.subjectdiversityen_NZ
dc.subjectendemismen_NZ
dc.subjectgroundwateren_NZ
dc.subjectIsopodaen_NZ
dc.subjectmitochondrial DNAen_NZ
dc.subjectstygofaunaen_NZ
dc.subjectSHORT-RANGE ENDEMISMen_NZ
dc.subjectCRYPTIC DIVERSITYen_NZ
dc.subjectRHODAMINE WTen_NZ
dc.subjectAMPHIPODen_NZ
dc.subjectBIODIVERSITYen_NZ
dc.subjectWATERen_NZ
dc.subjectCONSERVATIONen_NZ
dc.subjectECOSYSTEMSen_NZ
dc.subjectPATTERNSen_NZ
dc.subjectGENUSen_NZ
dc.titleHigh diversity and local endemism in Aotearoa New Zealand's groundwater crustacean faunaen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/ece3.8220en_NZ
dc.relation.isPartOfEcology and Evolutionen_NZ
pubs.begin-page15664
pubs.elements-id265635
pubs.end-page15682
pubs.issue22en_NZ
pubs.publication-statusPublisheden_NZ
pubs.volume11en_NZ


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