This report examines coarse angler attitudes and behaviours to determine the reasons for, and develop incentives to successfully discourage, deliberate spreads of coarse fish species. The perceptions of freshwater managers, and the ways in which these human perceptions influence management of non-indigenous invasive fish, are also explored. To achieve this two main methodological strategies were employed: (1) semi-structured interviews with representatives from management agencies, research providers, iwi, the New Zealand Federation of Coarse Anglers, and individual coarse anglers: and (2) an internet survey with individual coarse anglers. In contrast to many New Zealanders, coarse fish species are highly valued by coarse anglers and the practice of coarse fishing is an important part of their lives. While a large portion of coarse anglers state they would like more fishing opportunities (especially outside of the Auckland/Waikato region), they argue that they do not practice or support illegal spread of coarse fish.