Nitrate removal and hydraulic performance of organic carbon for use in denitrification beds

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dc.contributor.authorCameron, Stewart Graham
dc.contributor.authorSchipper, Louis A.
dc.date.accessioned2010-08-02T04:29:35Z
dc.date.available2010-08-02T04:29:35Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractDenitrification beds are a cost-effective technology for removing nitrate from point source discharge. To date, field trials and operational beds have primarily used wood media as the carbon source; however, the use of alternative more labile carbon media could provide for increased removal rate, lower installation costs and reduced bed size. While previous laboratory experiments have investigated the potential of alternative carbon sources, these studies were typically of short duration and small scale and did not necessarily provide reliable information for denitrification bed design purposes. To address this issue, we compared nitrate removal, hydraulic and nutrient leaching characteristics of nine different carbon substrates in 0.2 m³ barrels, at 14 and 23.5 °C over a 23-month period. Mean nitrate removal rates for the period 10–23 months were 19.8 and 15 g N m⁻³ d⁻¹ (maize cobs), 7.8 and 10.5 g N m⁻³ d⁻¹ (green waste), 5.8 and 7.8 g N m−³ d⁻¹ (wheat straw), 3.0 and 4.9 g N m−3 d−1 (softwood), and 3.3 and 4.4 g N m−³ d⁻¹ (hardwood) for the 14 and 23.5 °C treatments, respectively. Maize cobs provided a 3–6.5-fold increase in nitrate removal over wood media, without prohibitive decrease in hydraulic conductivity, but had higher rates of nutrient leaching at start-up. Significant difference in removal rate occurred between the 14 and 23.5 °C treatments, with the mean Q₁₀ temperature coefficient = 1.6 for all media types in the period 10–23 months.en_NZ
dc.identifier.citationCameron, S.G. & Schipper, L.A. (2010). Nitrate removal and hydraulic performance of organic carbon for use in denitrification beds. Ecological Engineering, 36(11), 1588-1595.en_NZ
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.03.010en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10289/4229
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevieren_NZ
dc.relation.isPartOfEcological Engineeringen_NZ
dc.subjectdenitrificationen_NZ
dc.subjectnitrate removalen_NZ
dc.subjectcarbon mediaen_NZ
dc.subjecthydraulic performanceen_NZ
dc.titleNitrate removal and hydraulic performance of organic carbon for use in denitrification bedsen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Articleen_NZ
pubs.begin-page1588en_NZ
pubs.elements-id35168
pubs.end-page1595en_NZ
pubs.issue11en_NZ
pubs.volume36en_NZ
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