Pacific climate reflected in Waipuna Cave drip water hydrochemistry

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dc.contributor.authorNava-Fernandez, Cinthyaen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHartland, Adamen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorGázquez, Fernandoen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorKwiecien, Olaen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorMarwan, Norberten_NZ
dc.contributor.authorFox, Bethanyen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHellstrom, John C.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorPearson, Andrewen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorWard, Brittanyen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorFrench, Amandaen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHodell, David A.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorImmenhauser, Adrianen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBreitenbach, Sebastian F.M.en_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-19T23:51:07Z
dc.date.available2020-07-19T23:51:07Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractCave microclimate and geochemical monitoring is vitally important for correct interpretations of proxy time series from speleothems with regard to past climatic and environmental dynamics. We present results of a comprehensive cave-monitoring programme in Waipuna Cave in the North Island of New Zealand, a region that is strongly influenced by the Southern Westerlies and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study aims to characterise the response of the Waipuna Cave hydrological system to atmospheric circulation dynamics in the southwestern Pacific region in order to assure the quality of ongoing palaeo-environmental reconstructions from this cave. Drip water from 10 drip sites was collected at roughly monthly intervals for a period of ca. 3 years for isotopic (δ18O, δD, d-excess parameter, δ17O, and 17Oexcess) and elemental (Mg∕Ca and Sr∕Ca) analysis. The monitoring included spot measurements of drip rates and cave air CO2 concentration. Cave air temperature and drip rates were also continuously recorded by automatic loggers. These datasets were compared to surface air temperature, rainfall, and potential evaporation from nearby meteorological stations to test the degree of signal transfer and expression of surface environmental conditions in Waipuna Cave hydrochemistry. Based on the drip response dynamics to rainfall and other characteristics, we identified three types of discharge associated with hydrological routing in Waipuna Cave: (i) type 1 – diffuse flow, (ii) type 2 – fracture flow, and (iii) type 3 – combined flow. Drip water isotopes do not reflect seasonal variability but show higher values during severe drought. Drip water δ18O values are characterised by small variability and reflect the mean isotopic signature of precipitation, testifying to rapid and thorough homogenisation in the epikarst. Mg∕Ca and Sr∕Ca ratios in drip waters are predominantly controlled by prior calcite precipitation (PCP). Prior calcite precipitation is strongest during austral summer (December–February), reflecting drier conditions and a lack of effective infiltration, and is weakest during the wet austral winter (July–September). The Sr∕Ca ratio is particularly sensitive to ENSO conditions due to the interplay of congruent or incongruent host rock dissolution, which manifests itself in lower Sr∕Ca in above-average warmer and wetter (La Niña-like) conditions. Our microclimatic observations at Waipuna Cave provide a valuable baseline for the rigorous interpretation of speleothem proxy records aiming at reconstructing the past expression of Pacific climate modes.en_NZ
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationNava-Fernandez, C., Hartland, A., Gázquez, F., Kwiecien, O., Marwan, N., Fox, B., … Breitenbach, S. F. M. (2020). Pacific climate reflected in Waipuna Cave drip water hydrochemistry. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 24(6), 3361–3380. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3361-2020en
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/hess-24-3361-2020en_NZ
dc.identifier.eissn1607-7938en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10289/13681
dc.language.isoenen_NZ
dc.publisherCopernicus GmbHen_NZ
dc.relation.isPartOfHydrology and Earth System Sciencesen_NZ
dc.relation.urihttps://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/24/3361/2020/
dc.rights© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
dc.titlePacific climate reflected in Waipuna Cave drip water hydrochemistryen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.begin-page3361
pubs.elements-id254892
pubs.end-page3380
pubs.issue6en_NZ
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/2024 PBRF
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/DHECS
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/DHECS/2024 PBRF - DHEC
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/DHECS/SCHS
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/DHECS/SCHS/2024 PBRF - SCHS
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/FSEN - Old
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/FSEN - Old/School of Science
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/FSEN - Old/School of Science/2018 PBRF - School of Science
pubs.publication-statusPublished onlineen_NZ
pubs.user.infoHartland, Adam (ahrtland@waikato.ac.nz)
pubs.volume24en_NZ
uow.verification.statusunverified
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