Life form and water source interact to determine active time and environment in cryptogams: an example from the maritime Antarctic

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dc.contributor.authorSchlensog, Mark
dc.contributor.authorGreen, T.G. Allan
dc.contributor.authorSchroeter, Burkhard
dc.date.accessioned2013-03-20T20:16:53Z
dc.date.available2013-03-20T20:16:53Z
dc.date.copyright2013-02-27
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractAntarctica, with its almost pristine conditions and relatively simple vegetation, offers excellent opportunities to investigate the influence of environmental factors on species performance, such information being crucial if the effects of possible climate change are to be understood. Antarctic vegetation is mainly cryptogamic. Cryptogams are poikilohydric and are only metabolically and photosynthetically active when hydrated. Activity patterns of the main life forms present, bryophytes (10 species, ecto- and endohydric), lichens (5 species) and phanerogams (2 species), were monitored for 21 days using chlorophyll a fluorescence as an indicator of metabolic activity and, therefore, of water regime at a mesic (hydration by meltwater) and a xeric (hydration by precipitation) site on Léonie Island/West Antarctic Peninsula (67°36′S). Length of activity depended mainly on site and form of hydration. Plants at the mesic site that were hydrated by meltwater were active for long periods, up to 100 % of the measurement period, whilst activity was much shorter at the xeric site where hydration was entirely by precipitation. There were also differences due to life form, with phanerogams and mesic bryophytes being most active and lichens generally much less so. The length of the active period for lichens was longer than in continental Antarctica but shorter than in the more northern Antarctic Peninsula. Light intensity when hydrated was positively related to the length of the active period. High activity species were strongly coupled to the incident light whilst low activity species were active under lower light levels and essentially uncoupled from incident light. Temperatures were little different between sites and also almost identical to temperatures, when active, for lichens in continental and peninsular Antarctica. Gradients in vegetation cover and growth rates across Antarctica are, therefore, not likely to be due to differences in temperature but more likely to the length of the hydrated (active) period. The strong effect on activity of the mode of hydration and the life form, plus the uncoupling from incident light for less active species, all make modelling of vegetation change with climate a more difficult exerciseen_NZ
dc.identifier.citationSchlensog, M., Green, T. G. A., & Schroeter, B. (2013). Life form and water source interact to determine active time and environment in cryptogams: an example from the maritime Antarctic. Oecologia, first published online February 2013.en_NZ
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00442-013-2608-9en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn0029-8549
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10289/7382
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringeren_NZ
dc.relation.ispartofOecologia
dc.subjectAntarcticaen_NZ
dc.subjectChlorophyll fluorescenceen_NZ
dc.subjectClimate changeen_NZ
dc.subjectLichensen_NZ
dc.subjectMonitoringen_NZ
dc.subjectMossesen_NZ
dc.subjectWater regimeen_NZ
dc.titleLife form and water source interact to determine active time and environment in cryptogams: an example from the maritime Antarcticen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Articleen_NZ
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