The effects of velocity and nitrate on Phormidium accrual cycles: a stream mesocosm experiment

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dc.contributor.authorMcAllister, Tara G.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorWood, Susanna A.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorGreenwood, Michelle J.en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBroghammer, Felixen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHawes, Ianen_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-06T22:27:04Z
dc.date.available2018-09-01en_NZ
dc.date.available2018-09-06T22:27:04Z
dc.date.issued2018en_NZ
dc.description.abstractProliferations of benthic cyanobacteria in the genus Phormidium are a global concern because of their increasing prevalence and ability to produce harmful toxins. Most studies have been observational and have linked physicochemical variables to Phormidium cover measured at the reach scale. Authors of these studies have alluded to nutrients and flow as key factors in accrual. Our goal was to use an experimental approach to examine how changes in velocity and NO₃⁻ concentrations influence Phormidium accrual. We hypothesized that: 1) Phormidium biomass accrual would be positively correlated with stream velocity; 2) biomass accrual would be positively related to NO₃⁻ concentration, which would have a stronger effect during early accrual; 3) an NO₃⁻ ✕ velocity interaction would arise from saturation of accrual at high NO₃⁻ and high velocity; and 4) the probability of detachment would increase with decreasing velocity. We assessed mat expansion, biomass (as phycoerythrin and chlorophyll a [Chl a] concentrations, and biovolume), and algal assemblage composition in flow-through channel mesocosms for 16 d. We crossed 2 velocity treatments (0.1 and 0.2 m/s, slow and fast, respectively) with 3 NO₃⁻ treatments (0.02, 0.1, and 0.4 mg/L, ambient, medium, and high, respectively). Velocity was positively correlated with all measures of Phormidium biomass, but patch expansion rates increased at similar rates across all treatments. NO₃⁻ had no effect during early accrual, but phycoerythrin concentrations increased with increasing NO₃⁻ in fast-velocity treatments. At the end of the experiment, patch size was greater in the high-velocity treatments because of a greater number of partial or full patch detachments in slow-velocity treatments. These results suggest that NO₃⁻ concentrations do not affect Phormidium expansion and detachment, but may be important during colonization (not investigated), and that mat expansion occurs at a similar rate regardless of velocity, but termination of accrual cycles occurs earlier in slow velocities.
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationMcAllister, T. G., Wood, S. A., Greenwood, M. J., Broghammer, F., & Hawes, I. (2018). The effects of velocity and nitrate on Phormidium accrual cycles: a stream mesocosm experiment. Freshwater Science, 37(3), 496–509. https://doi.org/10.1086/699204en
dc.identifier.doi10.1086/699204en_NZ
dc.identifier.eissn2161-9565en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn2161-9549en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10289/12064
dc.language.isoenen_NZ
dc.publisherUniversity of Chicago Pressen_NZ
dc.relation.isPartOfFreshwater Scienceen_NZ
dc.rights© 2018 by The Society for Freshwater Science.
dc.subjectScience & Technologyen_NZ
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen_NZ
dc.subjectEcologyen_NZ
dc.subjectMarine & Freshwater Biologyen_NZ
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciences & Ecologyen_NZ
dc.subjectPhormidiumen_NZ
dc.subjectnitrateen_NZ
dc.subjectvelocityen_NZ
dc.subjectaccrual cyclesen_NZ
dc.subjectpatch expansionen_NZ
dc.subjectsloughingen_NZ
dc.subjectFRESH-WATER CYANOBACTERIAen_NZ
dc.subjectBLUE-GREEN-ALGAEen_NZ
dc.subjectBENTHIC CYANOBACTERIAen_NZ
dc.subjectNEW-ZEALANDen_NZ
dc.subjectANATOXIN-Aen_NZ
dc.subjectDOG NEUROTOXICOSISen_NZ
dc.subjectHOMOANATOXIN-Aen_NZ
dc.subjectPHOSPHORUS ENRICHMENTen_NZ
dc.subjectMICROBIAL MATSen_NZ
dc.subject1ST REPORTen_NZ
dc.titleThe effects of velocity and nitrate on Phormidium accrual cycles: a stream mesocosm experimenten_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.begin-page496
pubs.elements-id225845
pubs.end-page509
pubs.issue3en_NZ
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/2018 PBRF
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/FSEN
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/FSEN/2018 PBRF - FSEN
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/FSEN/School of Science
pubs.organisational-group/Waikato/FSEN/School of Science/2018 PBRF - School of Science
pubs.publication-statusPublisheden_NZ
pubs.user.infoHawes, Ian (ihawes@waikato.ac.nz)
pubs.volume37en_NZ
uow.verification.statusverified
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