Science and Engineering Papers
This collection houses research from the Faculty of Science and Engineering at the University of Waikato.
All items in Research Commons are provided only to permit fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study. They are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.
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A review of the lesser-studied microemulsion-based synthesis methodologies used for preparing nanoparticle systems of the noble metals, Os, Re, Ir and Rh.
(2019)This review focuses on the recent advances in the lesser-studied microemulsion synthesis methodologies of the following noble metal colloid systems (i.e., Os, Re, Ir, and Rh) using either a normal or reverse micelle ... -
Spatial and temporal scales matter when assessing the species and genetic diversity of springtails (Collembola) in Antarctica
(Frontiers Media, 2019)Seven species of springtail (Collembola) are present in Victoria Land, Antarctica and all have now been sequenced at the DNA barcoding region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI). Here, we review ... -
Ulvan: A systematic review of extraction, composition and function
(Elsevier, 2019)Species of green macroalgae (Chlorophyta) of the genus Ulva are edible seaweeds with a range of health promoting bioactive components. Ulva is high in dietary fibre which promotes gastrointestinal health and is linked to ... -
Origin and classification of Kainui silt loam: update on the leopard that changed its spots
(New Zealand Society of Soil Science, 2019)Key points about the Kainui silt loam are many, perhaps the critical one being the need to appreciate that soil stratigraphy – the interplay between geological deposition, soil formation, buried soils, and their chronological ... -
Local and regional influences over soil microbial metacommunities in the Transantarctic Mountains
(Wiley, 2013)The metacommunity concept provides a useful framework to assess the influence of local and regional controls over diversity patterns. Culture‐independent studies of soil microbial communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of ... -
Biases in the metabarcoding of plant pathogens using rust fungi as a model system
(Wiley, 2018)Plant pathogens such as rust fungi (Pucciniales) are of global economic and ecological importance. This means there is a critical need to reliably and cost‐effectively detect, identify, and monitor these fungi at large ... -
Outcomes in different ethnic groups of New Zealand patients with screen-detected vs. non-screen-detected breast cancer.
(2019)OBJECTIVE: To compare characteristics and survival of New Zealand European, Māori, and Pacific women with screen-detected vs. non-screen-detected breast cancer. METHODS: Women aged 45-69 diagnosed with invasive breast ... -
Transcriptional changes in response to ketamine ester-analogs SN 35210 and SN 35563 in the rat brain
(BMC, 2019)Background Ketamine ester analogs, SN 35210 and SN 35563, demonstrate different pharmacological profiles to ketamine in animal models. Both confer hypnosis with predictably rapid offset yet, paradoxically, SN35563 induces ... -
Actinobacteria and cyanobacteria diversity in terrestrial Antarctic microenvironments using culture-dependent and independent methods
(Frontiers Media, 2019)Bacterial diversity from McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica, the largest desert on earth, has become more easily assessed with the development of High Throughput Sequencing (HTS) techniques. However, some of the diversity ... -
Using soil stratigraphy and tephrochronology to understand the origin, age, and classification of a unique Late Quaternary tephra-derived Ultisol in Aotearoa New Zealand
(MDPI, 2019)In this article, I show how an Ultisol, representative of a globally-important group of soils with clay-rich subsoils, low base saturation, and low fertility, in the central Waikato region in northern North Island, can be ... -
Xanthan gum capped ZnO microstars as a promising dietary Zinc supplementation
(MDPI, 2019)Zinc is one of the essential trace elements, and plays an important role in human health. Severe zinc deficiency can negatively affect organs such as the epidermal, immune, central nervous, gastrointestinal, skeletal, and ... -
Prebiotics: Definition, Types, Sources, Mechanisms, and Clinical Applications
(MDPI, 2019)Prebiotics are a group of nutrients that are degraded by gut microbiota. Their relationship with human overall health has been an area of increasing interest in recent years. They can feed the intestinal microbiota, and ... -
Stochastic and deterministic effects of a moisture gradient on soil microbial communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica
(Frontiers Media, 2018)Antarctic soil supports surface microbial communities that are dependent on ephemeral moisture. Understanding the response to availability of this resource is essential to predicting how the system will respond to climate ... -
Solving the structure of the mycobacterial chromosome condensing protein Lsr2 in complex with DNA
(2018)Lsr2 is a DNA binding protein that is highly conserved in mycobacteria and related actinomycetes and it is thought to be essential in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Previous studies have shown that Lsr2 is involved in ... -
Uncovering the relationship between the change in heat capacity for enzyme catalysis and vibrational frequency through isotope effect studies
(American Chemical Society, 2018)Understanding how enzyme catalysis varies with temperature is key to understanding catalysis itself and, ultimately, how to tune temperature optima. Temperature dependence studies inform on the change in heat capacity ... -
The novel use of waste animal bone from New Zealand agricultural sources as a feedstock for forming plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings on biomedical implant materials.
(2004)This study presents the feasibility of using animal bone-derived hydroxyapatite (HAP) as feedstock powders for plasma spraying. Bovine, cervine and ovine bone from abattoirs was boiled in a pressure cooker to remove blood, ... -
Development of Cu-bearing powder metallurgy Ti alloys for biomedical applications
(2019)Cu-bearing Ti alloys could be used as structural biomedical materials where the releasing of Cu ions is beneficial to lower infection incidences associated with surgical implants. The manufacturing of these alloys via ... -
Biotic interactions are an unexpected yet critical control on the complexity of an abiotically driven polar ecosystem.
(2019)Abiotic and biotic factors control ecosystem biodiversity, but their relative contributions remain unclear. The ultraoligotrophic ecosystem of the Antarctic Dry Valleys, a simple yet highly heterogeneous ecosystem, is a ... -
Ancient landscapes of the Namib Desert harbor high levels of genetic variability and deeply divergent lineages for Collembola.
(2019)Aim: To assess spatial patterns of genetic and species-level diversity for Namib Desert Collembola using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences. Location: Namib Desert gravel plains. Taxon: ... -
Palatability of Goat's versus Cow's Milk: Insights from the Analysis of Eating Behavior and Gene Expression in the Appetite-Relevant Brain Circuit in Laboratory Animal Models.
(2019)Goat's (GM) and cow's milk (CM) are dietary alternatives with select health benefits shown in human and animal studies. Surprisingly, no systematic analysis of palatability or preference for GM vs. CM has been performed ...
