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      Beyond altruistic and commercial contract motherhood: The professional model

      van Zyl, Liezl; Walker, Ruth
      DOI
       10.1111/j.1467-8519.2012.01962.x
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      van Zyl, L., & Walker, R. (2012). Beyond altruistic and commercial contract motherhood: The professional model. Bioethics, published online 16 April 2012.
      Permanent Research Commons link: https://hdl.handle.net/10289/7514
      Abstract
      It has become common to distinguish between altruistic and commercial contract motherhood (or 'surrogacy'). Altruistic arrangements are based on the 'gift relationship': a woman is motivated by altruism to have a baby for an infertile couple, who are free to reciprocate as they see fit. By contrast, in commercial arrangements both parties are motivated by personal gain to enter a legally enforceable agreement, which stipulates that the contract mother or 'surrogate' is to bear a child for the intending parents in exchange for a fee. She is required to undergo medical examinations and to refrain from behaviour that could harm the foetus. The intending parents are the child's legal parents from the outset. The parties to the contract can, but are not expected to, maintain contact after the transaction is completed. We argue that contract motherhood should not be organized according to the norms of the gift relationship, and that contract mothers should be compensated for their labour. However, we accept that there are good reasons for rejecting the commercial model as a suitable framework for contract pregnancy, and argue, instead, in favour of viewing it as a profession.
      Date
      2012
      Type
      Journal Article
      Publisher
      Wiley-Blackwell
      Collections
      • Arts and Social Sciences Papers [1422]
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