Volume 01, Issue 1 (2000)
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Item type: Item , He Puna Kōrero (Vol. 1, Issue 1)(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10)He Puna Kōrero: Journal of Māori and Pacific Development, Volume 1, Issue 1.Item type: Item , Murau a te tini (Mourned by the multitudes) & Pounamu (Greenstone)(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Rewi, PoiaA song and a poem by Poia Rewi.Item type: Item , Governance and legitimacy: Indigenous development in Aotearoa(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Dodd, MateroaWithin the indigenous paradigm lies a paradox over what constitutes legitimate Māori authority: Iwi structures are legitimated and recognised by the state, and traditional forms (for example, Hapū and Māori women), have had their authority diminished. Iwi authorities are colonial constructs that diminish the rights of Hapū and Māori women. The manner in which such constructs have come about generally has not involved tribewide debate over important issues in which Hapū and Māori women have an interest. For their legitimacy, emergent self-governing structures will need to be grounded in principles that ensure legitimate representation of Māori people and not socially constructed hybrids of a colonial past. Structures need to recognise Hapū and Māori women in the formulation, anything less than this will trigger a legitimation crisis.Item type: Item , Issues in testing the proficiency of learners of indigenous languages: an example relating to young learners of Maori(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Crombie, Winifred; Houia, Waldo; Reedy, TamatiIn 1999 the New Zealand Ministry of Education commissioned the authors to develop and trial a Māori language proficiency test. The test was to be appropriate for students in Year 5 of schooling (aged 9/10) who were being educated wholly, or in part, through the medium of Māori language. In this paper, we discuss the development and trialling of that proficiency test, focusing on the problems we experienced as well as on the test itself and on the ways in which it can be further developed. We also consider the implications of this project for the development of proficiency tests for other indigenous languages.Item type: Item , Verbs in Māori: The problem of definitional criteria(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Whaanga, HēmiA range of different types of criteria has been applied at different points in the history of the classification of verbs in Māori. These have included syntactic and morphological criteria, semantic criteria and derivational criteria. Unfortunately, these criteria have not always been applied consistently and this has led to considerable disagreement about the classification of verbs in Māori. In this paper, different accounts of verb classification in Māori are critically examined and it is argued that some of the disagreements can be resolved by acknowledging (a) that words in Māori may be assigned to different word classes in different contexts, and (b) that word classes and sub-classes should be determined on the basis of morphological and syntactic criteria with semantic and derivational information playing a role only in so far as they have observable syntactic and/or morphological consequences.Item type: Item , A Maori language and literacy institute: looking to cyberspace(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Roberts, NgaereIn this paper, it is argued that many of the problems associated with the lack of coordinated research and development activities relating to the revitalisation of Māori language could be resolved by establishing a Māori Language and Literacy Institute. The possibility of establishing such an Institute in cyberspace is an attractive one in that it reduces overheads, allows for an immediate link between researchers, educational providers and iwi, and provides opportunities for wide dissemination of findings and for ongoing discussion.Item type: Item , He aha te reo 'Tuturu'? (what is an official language?)(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Harlow, RayNō te tau 1987 ka whakaaetia e te Whare Pāremata o Aotearoa te Ture Reo Māori, arā, he ture hei whakamana i te reo Māori hei reo tūturu mō Niu Tïreni, hei tuku atu hoki te mana ki te reo Māori i roto i ētahi whakahaere o ngā ture, ā, hei whakamana hoki i te whakatūnga o te Kōmihana mō te Reo Māori, ā, me te whakaingoa hoki i ngā mahi me ngā mana o taua Kōmihana. Ko te whakamāoritanga o te 5(a) o ngā wāhanga, e pēnei ana: He mana anō ka homai e ngā wāhanga 3 me te 4, engari kāore he mana i tua atu i ēnei i te whakaaetia. He aha aua mana? Mō te wāhanga tuawhā, e mārama ana, ko ngā mana kei reira e takoto ana, arā, te mana o te tangata, ahakoa ko wai, e whaiwāhi ana ki ngā whakahaere kōti, ki te whakaputa kōrero ki te reo Māori. Engari ki te tahuri ki te tuatoru o ngā wāhanga, kāore i āta whakatakotoria ngā mana e pā ana ki taua wāhanga. Kāore hoki he ture atu anā i tēnei e āta whakamāramatia nei aua mana. Nō reira, he tino pātai e pā ana ki te mana o te reo Māori i Aotearoa ko tēnei: he aha ngā mana o tēnei mea, o te “reo tūturu” o tētahi whenua? He aha te tikanga o te kupu nei, “reo tūturu”? He huarahi e taea ai tēnei urupounamu te whakautu, ko te āta titiro i ngā tikanga o ētahi atu whenua e rua nei, neke atu rānei ngā reo e whaimana ana i roto i te ture, kia kitea ai te tino āhua o te mea nei, te reo tūturu, i roto i te ao whānui, me te whakahāngai i aua tikanga ki te tū o te reo Māori i roto i Aotearoa (tirohia Waite, 1992 II, 47-8). Ko te kaupapa o te pepa e takoto atu nei he āta titiro i te tūnga o tētahi reo kotahi, arā, o te reo Romanihi i roto i Huiterangi, i te taha o ētahi reo e toru, o ngā reo Tiamana, Wīwī, Itariana; he rangahau i te tū o taua reo i raro i te ture, i roto i ngā whakahaere tūmatanui o taua whenua. "In 1987 the New Zealand Parliament passed The Māori Language Act, An Act to declare the Māori language to be an official language of New Zealand, to confer the right to speak Māori in certain legal proceedings, and to establish Te Kōmihana Mō Te Reo Māori and define its functions and powers. Section 5(a) implies that there are rights granted by virtue of sections 3 and 4 and that these may not be construed to affect any rights beyond these. But what are these rights? With respect to section 4 it is clear, these are the rights specified there, that is, the right of any party to certain types of hearing to speak Māori. When one turns to section 3, there are no rights specifically laid out, nor is there any other legislation detailing those rights. Thus, an important question for the status of Māori within New Zealand is: what are the rights implied in the term “official language”? What is the meaning of the expression “official language”? A way to approach this question is to investigate the situation in other countries with two or more official languages, in order to discover how this term is understood generally in the world, and to apply appropriate aspects of this situation to New Zealand (see Waite, 1992 II, 47-8). This paper reports on research into all aspects of the status and situation of Rhaetoromansh in Switzerland beside three other languages, German, French and Italian. One aspect of this general study was the investigation of the legal status of the language, and its status within governmental institutions."Item type: Item , Māori Goddesses in Literature Part 1: pre 1880 - 1900(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Yates-Smith, ArohaMany contemporary Māori are familiar with atua wāhine, Māori goddesses, through accounts that have been passed on to them by word of mouth. Few, however, have had an opportunity to consult accounts of atua wāhine that date from the early period of Māori-Pākehā contact. Those who wish to do so may have considerable difficulty in sifting through all of the written materials for the information they seek. For this reason, this paper provides a review of the literature pertaining to atua wāhine from pre-1880 to 1900, together with a commentary on the sources to which reference is made. A review of literature on atua wāhine which appeared after 1900 will appear in the second volume of this journal.Item type: Item , 'Waitangi and indigenous rights: Revolution, law and legitimacy' by F.M. Brookfield(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Melbourne, Hirini'Waitangi and Indigenous Rights: Revolution, Law and Legitimacy' book review by Hirini Melbourne.Item type: Item , New Zealand history: Tales and tidbits(Te Pua Wānanga ki te Ao, Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, 2000-10) Matthieson, CarolineHistorical tidbits collated by Caroline Matthieson.